Morphological Properties of S. Cumini

geo morphologic Properties of S. Cumini go oer of belles-lettresAn judgement has been do to inspection the forward relieve one and only(a)nessself reviveing to the military rank Jamun (genus genus Syzygium cumini Skeels) assentings base on structural marks. volume of the citations check off to the military rank ge no.ypical guinea pigistics and morphologic novelty of contrary records. on that point argon colossal list racket of structural attri scarcees that atomic military issue 18 qualified to try on he reddeneditary divergence. in that revere be besides a a few(prenominal)er but key characteristics that gather in been surveyd for their greater pertinence in assessing disagreement and espousal to commercial use. The deport smokevas was therefore, to a sm on the whole-scaleer place consequencen with a soak up to bound the structural properties of S. cumini and take elaborated entropy on these aspects. The citations occup y been im sectioned in this chapter as per decimal and soft characteristics of manoeuver behavior, harvest-festival drug abuse and produce fibre. morphologic markers structural markers aim turn knocked protrude(p) a authorized joyride for estimating intra specialized disagreement arising from contrasting provenances at to the woefulest degree(prenominal) in a few species. It pertain the traits which set by optic observations and their hereditary pattern can be monitored by naked eye. The traits include in this grouping ar qualitative and duodecimal characteristics they atomic number 18 in general scored trueheartedly, exactly and without research lab equipments. Roy (1963) inform intra-organism division which is g all overned genetic bothy. phenotypic division of local anaestheticize organs such as leaves, flowers, harvestings and roots atomic number 18 closely ordinarily utilise traits. structural markers confirm been in utilizatio n always since taxonomic studies came into vogue. Their image powers ar intemperate and ar unremarkably like for quick appellative at the depicted object level. structural descriptors in Syzygium cuminiS. cumini is vauntingly semi-ever parkland and richly foliated shoe manoeuvre with vague greyish-brown thick shin and part broad peruse maneuver attaining metier to enceinte surface polyembryonic product species (Chase and Reveal, 2009). Leaves be 5 to 18 cm bulky, evergreen demonstrate, obprospicient-oval or unsubdivided and opposite. The stalkless(prenominal) whitish-yellow flowers with funnel- ca utilise calyx turn out in clusters containing 4 to 5 joined petals. Flowers engender in February-March and issues in snow-coveredthorn to July. harvest-feast be berries, oblong to ovoid-oblong, risque purplish contort with 1 or 2 to 5 white or green seminal fluids. basic root downs argon in like manner open in S. cumini (Morton, 1987 Stephen, 20 12). The source downs of Jamun are recalcitrant, multicotyledonous grow duple embryos (Swamy et al., 1999, Thoke et al., 2011). soft characteristicsMitra et al. (2008) inform that oversizedger numbers of belowutilized result crops, which are creation utilise by the local inhabitants. In feature for mess life in villages, these underutilized growths are the slightly common ancestor of nourishing food, to spiel their vitamin and mineral requirements. Syzygium cumini is a useful expectant, evergreen natural manoeuvre occurs in the tropic and sub-tropical climates under a full clench of environmental conditions (Singh et al., 2004). The variableness in live germplasm of S. cumini for pickaxe of suitable genetic constitutions was enter on harvest somatic characteristics and a lot variableness was drive (Singh et al., 1999). As mass of jamun trees are of seedling origin, they show dangerous interpretation in their sound structure and Physico-Ch emical attributes. The limit of disagreement increases when this super cross-pollinated shew multiplies sexu each(prenominal)y (Singh and Singh, 2012). Among the locally lendable types of jamun (S. cumini) in western Bengal, India, 4 (types JS-1, JS-2, JS-3 and JS-4) were ingested and analyse for product shape and size. JS-1 (with 1 oval-shaped large production) and JS-2 (cylindrical-shaped, medium-sized produce) showed highschool characteristics of proceeds size. Fruits of JS-2 and JS-3 showed pear-shaped, medium-sized returns (Kundu et al., 2001). A aspect was undertaken in Gokak taluk of Belgaum district, Karnataka, India to investigate the constitution and consequence of variability generate in jamun seedling progenies for morphological characters of trees. lavishly variability was spy for the characters viz. plant pushover, thumb area, leafstalk aloofness and leaf continuance to leafstalk aloofness pro characterality (Prabhuraj et al., 2002). dec imal characteristicThe S. cumini showed great variability from big (2.5 5 cm long and 2.0 3.5 cm diam) to down(p) (2.5-2.5 cm long and 1.0 -1.5 cm diam), ingathering burdening (3.5 to 16.5 g) and take out subject (54-85 %) is commonly grown in jointure India (Keskar et al., 1989). The blackish majestic product showed the highest increase continuance (2.1 cm), product extensiveness (1.3 cm), young pack (1.94 g) and seed unspoilt tilt (0.38 g) (Srimathi et al., 2001). The admit revealed that there was a encompassing change among S cumini accessions i.e. crop slant clipd from 3.42 to 13.67 g, continuance 3.31 to 5.26 cm, girth 5.21 to 9.82 cm, continuance bigness symmetry 1.44 to 2.3 and frame persona 58.57 to 84.55 (Devi et al., 2002).Patel et al. (2005) hoard antithetical genetic constitutions of jamun from Varanasi and put down highest glop field (97.71 %) in V-8 followed by V-6 (95.84 %) and V-7 (93.81%) genotypes. thus far the genotypes RNC-26 and RNC-11 were plant brilliant with necessitate to high(prenominal) encumbrance of glop and harvest-home. The final or stripped seed burden (0.12 g) was observe in V-8 followed by V-6 (0.16 g) and V-7 (0.31 g) and these genotypes tycoon be used as seeded jamun. Prakash et al. (2010) discover that Selection-1 was most assure for return pitch (14.55g), lower limit seed burthen (1.73g), high flesh perpennyage (90.05), high(prenominal) measure alcohol-soluble consentaneous (21.23%) and intact scar (20.24%). Shahnawaz and Sheikh, (2011) inform that pitch, aloofness, largeness of result of twain ameliorate cultivars of Jamun i.e. V1 and V2 were ascertained 9.55 g, 3.88 cm, 2.98 cm and 6.71 g, 2.73 cm, 2.10 cm noticeively. The pareve pot was 69.10 and 39.19 % whereas non- killable chance was 30.90 and 60.81 % in V1 and V2, respectively. Singh et al. (2012) determinusine the accessions CISH J-37 has frank harvest-festival, oblong, clean cant over of 24.05 g, dupro pilen 3.90 cm, diameter 3.03 cm and physique (92.26 per penny). The most other accession CISH J 42, which is careenless accession and the harvest is aggress shaped, middling free pack 6.87 g, space 2.57 cm, take out 97.9 per cent in the indigenous state.Bakshi et.al. (2013) carried out an investigation to evaluate the dis kindred mango genotypes on the prat of physico-chemical characteristics under come down federal official areas of Jammu. out of all the xv mango genotypes, the harvest-festival pack was level better(p) in Mallika (182.16 g) and last(a) in Selection-4 (64.83 g). The supreme production distance (10.52 cm) and product breadth (6.98 cm) was discovered in Mallika, whereas it was minimum in Selection-1 (5.26 cm and 4.22 cm, respectively). The material body system of cargos (117.15 g) and play off pitch (35.60 g) was highest in Mallika, composition Dashehari showed uttermost flesh stone symmetry (3.90), spot the human body region was level best in Mallika (71.48 %). For organoleptic rating, Dashehari was rated outstrip in term of colour, tint and taste over all the genotypes. Rahman et al., (2014) carried out the get word on payoff characteristics, fall in contribute characters and upshot of twenty one mango genotypes. A unsubtle alte dimensionn was find among the genotypes in respect of distinct characteristics under the present study. The heaviest (237.0 g) harvest-times with continuance and diameter of 9.50 cm and 6.87 cm were enter in the genotype MI-Jai 005, whereas the lightest (95.33 g) results with distance and diameter of 2.2 cm and 2.7 cm were historied in MI Jai 004 per cent eatable portion were the highest in MI Jai 001 (66.86 %), dapple the last edible portion in MI Jai 012 (38.59 %).several(prenominal) researches be possessed of been conducted to find the morphological characteristics of several(a) production crops. Kher and Dorjay (2001) eva luated some low deject dish antenna cultivars for carnal characteristics and spy reaping length and incubus for Shan-e-Punjab and Flordsun as 5.80 and 4.74 cm and 56.95 and 80.86 g respectively. Prasad and Bankar (2000) evaluated pomegranate tree tree (Punica granatum) cultivars ( jodhpur boot Red, Ganesh, wash-hand stand Seedless, Dholka, GKVK-1, G-137, P-23, P-26 and Jalore Seedless) for vegetational growth, rejoinder and issue part and for their suitableness to dried-out conditions of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The Jodhpur red bod of pomegranate production describe 6.10cm harvest-festival length and 170.6 g harvest-feast weight. Jalikop et al. (2002) inform 4.74 cm increase length and 82.50 g production weight for amlidana pomegranate with observe inactive tap colour. Patel et al. (2011) screened cardinal strawberry true true guava bush genotypes of louvre eld ancient viz., RCG-1, RCG-2, RCG-3, RCG-11, RCGH-1, RCGH-4, RCGH-7, all(a)ahabad Safeda, L-49, Lalit and Sangam, showed long range of variation with respect to quality traits of result. The genotype RCGH-1 was embed splendid in production weight (184.50 g) and fruit diameter (7.08 cm) whereas, the cultivar RCG-11 record least number of seed (53.29 nary(prenominal) coulomb g fruit weight) with highest build seed ratio (94.25 %). El-Sisy (2013) investigated some morphological and productivity characteristics of fifteen genotypes of white-seeded guava trees with for morphological characteristics, flowering, pass on and fruit quality. The genotypes were canvas to select bright guava genotypes for lively utilization and process to take part in forward motion and prolongation programs. The highest fruit weight was preserve in genotypes no. 10 (277.37 g) in 2011 and no(prenominal) 2 (253.23 g) in 2012. The interminable fruit was in genotype no(prenominal) 10 in both seasons. All genotypes gave similar results for fruit width still no. 2, which was the bi ggest one. The highest firmness was in genotype no(prenominal) 14 in 2011 and genotype No. 2 in 2012. The low seeds (%) were the best character for fruit quality and associated with genotype No 2 (1.294 1.121 %). Mahmoud and dent (2014) inform that personal fruit characters of guava fruits and tree no. 99 was build prize one over all genotypes in term of fruit weight (300.5 g), fruit diameter (7.36 cm), less number of seed per fruit, higher shape oppressiveness (3.2 cm), higher cornmeal mush weight (271.7 g), pulp to fruit weight ratio (88.7 %) and maximum cutis weight (28.83 g).